Sunday, June 26, 2011

Belur & Halebeedu - the Hoysala Dravidian era

Our beautiful India was/is/will always be looked upon with honour and respect for her immense cultural and religious importance.
Karnataka is one of the finest treasure house of India's Culture & Heritage.

Another majestic Dravidian architecture can be seen at Belur (40 kms from Hassan district), built by the then Hoysala ruler Vishnuvardhan in 1117 AD (12’th century) in commemoration of his vistory over the Cholas.
What’s more attracting than the visually stunning temple of Shri Chennakeshava (Handsome Vishnu) and Raya-gopuram, is the breath-taking sculptures surrounding the main shrine.


   

Though Vishnuvardhan started this construction, it was later completed by his grandson Veera Ballala and it took 103 years for completion.
The artisans have so well performed their job that you “see” perfection, patience, discipline and love in every inch of the stone. You see intricate sulptures and friezes on the temple façade, the entrance, the ornate pillars, ceiling & central dome, everywhere!
The workmanship of the famous artisans of the era – Janakachari, Danakachari and others is adorable.

   


The material used in both Belur and Halebeedu temples is Soap Stone, which is soft and helps ease in carving. Over prolonged exposure to atmosphere, its gets harder.
This perfect art of stone carvings called “Shilabalike” talks of the glorious era. It portraits different images of women in different postures, engaged in different tasks. For ex – Darpana-Sundari (lady with a mirror), sensuous dancers, Shuka-bhasini (lady talking to parrot), etc.
One more eye catching images would be that of a man killing a tiger. This infact is the Hoysala logo. The Hoysala dynasty was founded by a young, brave warrior named Sala, who had killed a tiger with bare hands and hence the symbol.

         

Layers of well carved images of Lions(power), Elephants(strength), Horses(speed), Flowers(beauty), episodes from Indian epics like Ramayana and Mahabharatha can be seen as you take a walk in the premises.

     

Halebeedu (Old Habitat, translated in Kannada) which is around 20 kms from Belur also offers sight to the rich heritage of Hoysala dynasty. Initially named as Dwarasamudra, this capital was invaded by Muslim rulers from the north, you can see lot of damages in the temple premises of Halebeedu.
The main diety is Hoysaleshwar (Shiva) and also has one of the biggest Nandi statues in the country.

 

Somnathpura (near Mysore) too shares the richness of Hoysala architecture and is equally beautiful as Belur and Helebeedu.

Small river streams join and together they run into the sea… the same way - different languages, religions & teachings, food, tradition, history, values, clothing… all culminate to just one – that’s our lovely mother land INDIA.

Thursday, June 9, 2011

Thanjavur - magnificient Dravidian architecture

Ancient Indian architecture has always been of great interest to historians worldwide and a photographer’s dream to capture them on the lens.

Looking at Southern India, the Pallavas, Cholas, Pandyas, Vijayanagar rulers and the Nayakas have made immense contributions to temple art in Tamilnadu.
The Chalukyas, the Gangas, the Hoysalas, the Vijayanagar rulers also compete euqally in art and architecture in Karnakata and adjoining Tamilnadu.

The North Indian style termed as "Nagara" and in South its called "Dravidian" style.

A typical Dravidian style construction comprises of -
Vimanam (one or more stories of pyramidal roof), Mantapams (or porches), Gopurams (gate pyramids) and Chowltries (pillard halls).


       

The Brihadeeswara temple (11th century CE, 1009-1010), a collossal structure with a towering vimanam and considered to be a masterpiece of Chola architecture by envisioned and built by Rajaraja Cholan king and named this as Rajarajeshwaram.
The Marattas and Nayaks too contributed by constructing various gopurams and shrines. During the period when Sanskrit language was popular, this temple was renamed to Brihadeeshwaram. Now its also called as Thanjai Periya Koil (Thanjavur Big temple) and is an UNESCO World heritage monument.

           


The main Brihadeeshwara shrine is situated at the centre, Nandi mantapam facing the shrine, Dakshinamoorthy, Ganesha, Varahi and Hanuman on the right side and Karuvurar, Sandhigeshwar, Murugan, Brahmanayagi and Natarajar on the left side.

The 15 feet huge monolithic stone sculpture of the Dwarapala (at the entrance) revals the concept that God is everywhere and God is just One.
The great Chola king just intended to show the whole world the towering presence of God that is everlasting against human life that is highly evanescent.

       



My journey, an expedition, a dream to see the richness of Indian culture, Heritage and traditions has just begun…
Hope you love reading my travel blog. Watch out for more on this space …

Love,
Ananthakrishnan (Arun)